Resume Writing Basics

Keep it brief!
Your resume is an overview of your qualifications--not your life story. It is a "preview of coming attractions" which creates the desire to see the rest of the show. One to two pages is the standard for a resume read by the human eye, and up to three pages for a scannable resume. If your resume is more than one page, the first page must capture the reader’s attention. If it fails to do so, the remaining pages will not be read. 

Focus
Don’t try to be everything to everyone. Target your job search and your resume to your specific occupational goals. 

Multiple Resumes
Generally, you should concentrate first on one well-written resume that targets your immediate job search. Make sure this resume represents you well to a wide range of employers, and is suitable for scanning. If you have more than one objective, additional resumes may be required. For example, if you are planning to pursue two distinct occupations you would need two resumes. If you only use the targeted resume approach, you would also write a unique resume to each employer. 

Visual Impact
A piece of sales literature has only about two seconds to attract the reader’s attention. Similarly, the resume must attract the employer even before it is read. Many advertising techniques apply, including the use of white space, bullets, indentation and varied type style. Professional printing produces high quality, but can be expensive. Laser quality printing is an excellent alternative. 

Insure Integrity
Your resume is specifically designed to paint the best picture possible of you. Place the emphasis on the positive, not the negative. It should be an honest statement of your best qualities. Your resume should hold up under scrutiny. Facts and numbers must be believable. The content of the resume should be in harmony. Dates should be consistent while experience and related activities should support your qualifications. 

Scannable Resumes
Many employers and employment agencies are using electronic resume scanning systems to screen resumes, a trend that will increase in the future. When writing any resume, consider its scannability. Generally, there is little difference between a good scannable resume and one that is effective for the human eye. Ultimately, all resumes will be looked at by a person, so your resume must work for both. 

Overqualified
If you consistently hear that you are overqualified or are concerned that you will be perceived as such, then you have not effectively targeted your resume. When writing your resume, target it to the level of employment and to the occupation or employer. If you are pursuing more than one distinct level of employment, then consider a separate resume for each. Present the information that you believe is important. You don’t have to tell everything. If you have an advanced degree in a field unrelated to your goal, leave it off. 

Resume Content
Name Block
Use your full first name. Your address should not contain abbreviations. Your phone number should include the area code. Provide a phone number where you can be reached at all times, either by an answering machine or an alternate message number. Include an e-mail address in which you feel comfortable receiving and sending job search correspondence

ROBERT SHARP
1443 Jackson Street
Indianapolis,, Indiana 46240
(317) 555-5555
RobSharp@aol.com

Employment or Career Objective
Include an objective when you are pursuing a specific job goal, or when you know the exact title of the position you are applying for. The objective targets your resume, but also limits its use to those jobs that match your goal. Objectives may be considered optional on your resume. You can also use a short summary of your skills and qualifications. If your objective is not included in your resume, state it in your cover letter. 

Summary Statements
The summary or qualification statement documents your work experience, achievement, and skills. This statement is a summary of the experience and qualifications that are the most pertinent to the job for which you are applying. This is recommended for all job seekers as a way to get the employer’s attention. The summary should be three or four lines or a series of phrases that may be used in place of the employment objective or just following it. 
To be effective, the summary or qualification statement must indicate that you are qualified for the position you are seeking. It is often read first, and if it catches the reader’s attention, chances are the rest of the resume will be read. Summary example: Resourceful Planner/Coordinator with extensive knowledge of inventory control and on-line inventory systems. Recognized by management for innovation and initiative in implementing JIT techniques, as well as interdepartmental communications and supervisory skills. 

Employment History
List your most recent employment first. A general standard is to list the last three jobs, or the last ten years, whichever comes first. Focus on recent jobs and those that are most appropriate to your goals. If you have large gaps in employment or have changed jobs frequently, consider using a functional resume. How you use your resume and the make-up of your experience will determine the amount of information to include. Many job seekers and employers use the resume as a substitute application (this is very useful if the application works against your qualifications). As a substitute application, the resume should include employer contact information. Many resumes list employer name, city and state. Contact information is provided through an employment application or reference sheet. One advantage in limiting this information is to keep the resume focused on your qualifications. Also, some people may not want a prospective employer to be able to easily reach a previous employer. The choice is yours. There is no one standard that fits all situations. 

Organizations
List organizational memberships related to your job goal. Avoid using non-employer related or controversial organizations. Avoid mentioning specific religious or political affiliations, or other potentially controversial groups unless they directly relate to the job you want.
 
Education
If your skill and experience come from employment, list employment first and education last. List education first if the emphasis is on education (a recent graduate). If you are a college graduate, state the name of the institution, location (city and state), degree earned, and field of study.
 
Additional Points to Consider Regarding Education
Carefully consider listing the dates you graduated from school. List recent education dates because it increases its value. Older educational experiences may not be valued by the reader and may be used in age discrimination.
Do not list high school graduation if you have completed a college degree. If you have taken post-high school classes but did not achieve a degree, then list your high school. 
When listing recent education, target specific skills and academic accomplishments. 
A GED can be listed as a high school graduate. If the GED was achieved through a local school, then list the name of that school. Otherwise, leave off the name of the school. You may choose to list the last school attended or the school district name. 
Do not include an education section if you dropped out of high school and had no formal training either in school or from an employer. 
Include relevant employer-sponsored training. Be sure that the training is targeted to your job goal. Summarize extensive employer training by type and only include training that is relevant to a new job. 
If you have conducted a thorough independent study into a job-related topic, then you may summarize it as part of your education. 
If you are currently taking classes or pursuing a degree related to your job goal, include that information. List the skills acquired, academic accomplishments, and the projected date of completion. 

References
Do not include references on the resume. Do not use "References available upon request." It is assumed by employers that you will provide this information. Once an employer requests references, be prepared to give them three to five references who can speak about your work habits and professional employment qualifications. Always seek permission before using someone as a reference. 

Awards or Recognition
Let the employer know of any awards or recognition you have received employee of the month, etc.), if it is timely and appropriate. 

Tips for Scannable and Readable Resumes

Give priority to the skills on your resume. Employers want to know what you can do, not just where you have been. This is why scannable resume systems are set up to read skills. Place the important skills at the beginning of the resume where employers can see them first. Also, scannable database systems store a fixed number of skills so that those that come later may not be included in the database. Insure that your skills and occupation-specific keywords match your objective.
Place your name, address, and phone number with area code in a block format below the top margin. This key information helps interested employers reach you and is the preferred format for scannable systems. Put your name on each page. 
Use generous margins and plenty of white space. One-inch margins enhance the readability of your resume. Balance the body of the resume so that the content is not compressed. For multiple pages, make sure information is balanced on the pages. The final resume should be a high-contrast image--dark ink on white or light-colored paper. 
Use vertical and horizontal lines sparingly and include a quarter inch of space around them. (Scanning systems can confuse lines and characters.) 
Avoid graphics and shading. Shading reduces the contrast making text hard to read. Graphics may catch the human eye but do not make sense to scanning systems. 
Use a font size between 10 and 14 points. Don’t use script, italic or underlining. Highlight information using bold or CAPITAL letters. 
Stapling or folding diminishes the visual appearance of the resume and affects scannability. Avoid fasteners and consider sending your resume flat in a large white envelope. 
Be sure your resume is high quality and professional. Laser print your final copy. Remember, this is your advertisement to employers. 
Choose a typeface (font) that is easily readable rather than decorative. Times New Roman, System, Arial, Courier New, or Century Schoolbook area readable. 

Right click on the icon and select "save target as" to download in Microsoft Word™ format.

 




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